SCIENTIFIC VIEWS OF M.V. NERUCHEV IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY (SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY)

Abstract

The article highlights the activities of the agrarian scientist, public and social figure Mykhailo Neruchev, and reveals his contribution to the formation and popularization of agricultural economics as a science in the second half of the 19th century. It has been found that the theoretical and methodological developments of the scientist in this field are not fully disclosed in the existing literature, although they are valuable. The researcher’s main publications were analyzed, on the basis of which his scientific views were characterized. It is shown that Mykhailo Neruchev was engaged in the active dissemination of innovative knowledge and teachings acquired through his own practical experience in the field of agricultural activities with the aim of achieving a positive economic effect from its organization. Investigating the main factors of achieving this result, as the basis of agricultural economy, the scientist singled out the following: scientific approach, state influence (agrarian policy), climate factor, innovation-intensive management systems (use of improved agricultural tools and techniques), land, labor, as well as capital. It was determined that M. Neruchev raised and studied a number of important issues in the topic we are investigating: the reasons for the low level of development of agrarian economy as a science and its consequences; relevance of factors for the formation of profitable and rationally organized multi-sectoral agricultural enterprises; generating the basics of entrepreneurial activity; the need for educational and scientific training in branch educational institutions for effective farming; dissemination of agrarian and economic scientifically based knowledge and teachings aimed at overcoming crisis phenomena in the development of the agrarian sphere. It was found out that the purpose of agricultural economics (according to Mykhailo Neruchev) was to organize effective (profitable) economic activity based on the synthesis of business and scientific principles of its management.