FUNCTION OF THE UKRAINIAN AUXILIARY POLICE OF ZAPORIZHZHIA DURING THE YEARS OF GERMAN OCCUPATION 1941 – 1943
Abstract
The article reveals the function and activity of the Ukrainian auxiliary police of Zaporizhzhia region during the years of the German occupation. Based on a number of materials such as works of other historians and archival criminal cases of the State Archive of Zaporizhzhia region it became possible to depict some details of policemen motivation, work and their fate after they have been detained by NKVD. Also those criminal cases helped to clarify some details of the work of NKVD and SMERSH during the investigation process. It’s emphasized that it’s not uncommon for people to go to work as a member of Ukrainian auxiliary police only because of the order of the German administration. During the period of occupation Germans made a labor exchange for this purpose. Also some citizens became policemen because they were afraid of getting sent for work to Germany. Some people were working in the police for their own will. The article tells that lots of policemen didn’t obey the orders of German administration, but there were many who actually took the criminal path as a part of German occupational administration. Those policemen who didn’t actively support the German administration usually avoided serious punishments by the Soviet security services. Even though lots of policemen didn’t do anything criminal against the citizens, they were sent to special filtration camps located in Donetsk and Kharkiv. Former policemen were working there until SMERSH had finished reviewing their criminal cases. The article also reveals that the Soviet security agencies were not as severe as in the late 30s of the XX century. However, there are several cases where Soviet agents used illegal methods of influence during the investigation process towards the former policemen.
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