Zaporozhian-russian relations of the period of the «сrimean era» (1709/11-1734) in the national historiography in the middle of the XIXth – the early XXth centuries

Abstract

The article presents a historiographical review of the scientific work of domestic historians of the middle of the XIXth – the early XXth centuries about the zaporozhian-russian relations of the 1709/11-1734. Was made an attempt to divide the development of historical studies of domestic historians on stages, investigate the informative potential of the source base and methodological tools used by domestic scientists in studying the relations between Zaporozhye and Russia during the specified period. As a result of the biographical analysis of the life-ways of domestic historians were found the factors that influenced the attitude of scientists on different aspects of the history of the Zaporozhian cossacks in the process of writing of historical works. Was traced the process of changing the imperial vision of the zaporozhian-russian relations of the 1709/11-1734, which represented the figure of the cossack as a traitor, drunkard and rebel, into ukrainian national vision, which got rid of imperial stamps and constructed a heroic image of the cossack in the history of Ukraine. The article also points out the influence of romanticism and positivism on the study of relations between the Zaporozhian Host and the Russian state by domestic historians. Discovered the features of romanticism in the historical works of scholars, in which they used the sensual, emotional and intuitive aspect of thinking and interpreted the historical process through goodness and morality. However, the romantic direction was replaced by the desire of historians to present scientific and truthful Ukrainian national history in the context which they studied the zaporozhian-russian relations. Particular attention was paid to the role of periodicals in the popularization of historical knowledge, including the history of the Zaporozhian cossacks, among which an important place was occupied by «Kievskaya starina» around which the leading domestic scientists of the second half of the XIXth – beginning of the XXth century were grouped.